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1 víking
f. freebooting voyage, piracy, (hann var í v. á sumrum ok fekk sér fjár); liggja í víkingu ok hernaði, to be engaged in freebooting expedition and warfare; fara í v., to go out on a freebooting expedition.* * *f. a freebooting voyage, piracy; see víkingr. In heathen days it was usual for young men of distinction, before settling down, to make a warlike expedition to foreign parts, this voyage was called ‘víking,’ and was part of a man’s education like the grand tour in modern times; hence the saying in the old Saga,—‘when I was young and on my voyage (víking), but now I am old and decrepit;’ so a son begs his father to give him a ‘langskip,’ that he may set out on a ‘víking,’ cp. the scene of the young Egil and his mother Bera, and the reference Fms. i. 69; see B. The custom was common among Teutonic tribes, and is mentioned by Caesar B.G. vi. ch. 23 (latrocinia nullam habent infamiam, quae extra fines cujusque civitatis fiunt, sqq.), only there it is a foray on land; (cp. the mod. American filibustering.)B. REFERENCES illustrating this word: Leifr fór í hernað í vestr-víking, Landn. 32; Ólafr inn hvíti herjaði í vestr-víking ok vann Dyflinni, 108; Geirmundr heljar-skinn var herkonungr, hann herjaði í vestr-víking, 121; hann kom út síð landnáma-tíðar, hann hafði verit í vestr-víking ok haft ór vestr-víking þræla Írska, 133; Ánn varð missáttr við Harald konung inn hárfagra, hann fór því ór landi í vestr-víking, 140; Ingimundr var víkingr mikill ok herjaði í vestr-víking jafnan, 174; Ævarr fór til Íslands ór víkingu, ok synir hans, 185; Björn var á sumrum í vestr-víking en á vetrum með Öndótti, Eyvindr fór þá í vestr-víking, 204; þá var Þorsteinn son Ásgríms í víkingu, en Þorgeirr annarr son hans var tíu vetra, 292; hann var í víking á sumrum ok fékk sér fjár, Hkr. i. 171; Hjörleifr konungr féll í víkingu, Fas. ii. 35; leggjask í víking ok hernað, Fms. xi. 73; fara í víking, Eg. 260; Grímr, þeir vóru í vestr-víking, ok drápu í Suðreyjum Ásbjörn jarl skerja-blesa, ok tóku þar at herfangi Ólöfu konu hans, Grímr fór til Íslands, Landn. 314; þá er ek var ungr ok í víkingu … en nú hálfu síðr at ek em gamall ok örvasi, Glúm. 337; ek vil senda yðr austr til Svíþjóðar á fund tins bezta vinar míns, er nú er kallaðr Hákon gamli, við vórum lengi báðir samt í víking, var með okkr inn kærasti félagskapr, ok áttum einn sjóð, Fms. i. 69; en er hann var á unga aldri, lá hann í víkingu ok hernaði, Eg. (begin.); Björn var farmaðr mikill, var stundum í víking en stundum í kaupferðum, 154; er mér þat nær skapi, sagði hann, at þú fáir mér langskip ok þar lið með, ok fara ek í víking (the words of a son to his father), 157: of an expedition in the East (in the Baltic), þeir fóru um sumarit í víking í Austrveg, fóru heim at hausti ok höfðu aflat fjár mikils … skip þat höfðu þeir fengit um sumarit í víking, Eg. 170, 171; Björn var nú í víkingu at afla sér fjár ok frægðar, Bjarn. 13: the word occurs also on Swed. Runic stones, sá varð dauðr í vestr-vegum í víkingu, Baut. 962: þá lögðusk sumir menn út í víking ok á herskip, ok mörg endemi tóku menn þá til önnur þau er nú mundi ódæmi þykkja ef menn henti slíkt, Bs. i. 62 (referring to Iceland of A. D. 1056–1180): one of the last instances on record is Sturl. i. 152,—hann hafði verit útan nokkura vctr ok verit í víkingu, referring to A. D. 1195: in the Orkneys, among the Norsemen, the viking-life lasted till the 13th century, if not longer. -
2 stika
I)(að), v.1) to drive piles into; Ólafr konungr lét s. ána uppi, he blocked the river by means of piles;2) to measure with a yard-measure (s. lérept vaðmál).f.1) stick;2) candlestick (= kertastika);3) yard, yard-measure, equal to two Icelandic ells (menn skyldi hafa stikur, þær er væri tveggja alna at lengd).* * *1.að, [A. S. stician], to drive piles (stik), Hkr. i. 92 (see stik); hann lét stika ána Temps, Bret.; stikaðr var út óssinn, sem vandi er á í Austrvegum ( as is the custom in the Baltic) at stika fyrir úfriði, O. H. L. 12; svá er sagt at Ólafr konungr lét stika ána uppi, ok stór vötn er nær lágu. 52; hann skyldi ok láta stika þjóðleið … svá at eigi væri þar skipum fært, Fb. ii. 72; stika hvert grunn, Edda (Ht.): stakes driven in between high and low water-mark for whale or salmon catching, s. fyrir hval, N. G. L. i. 61; s. laxa-fiski, D. N. v. 531.II. to measure with a yard-measure; stika lérept, Fms. vi. 348; s. vaðmál, Ölk. 36; s. niðr hundrað vöru, Bs. i. 849; þar fyrir skaltú s. þér ór fatabúri þrjátigir álnir lérepts, 876.2.u, f. a stick; hvárki steinn né stika, Stj. 531; eldiviðar-stikum, sticks for fuel, 264.2. a yard, yard measure (equal to two ells); með stikum þeim er jamnlangar eru tíu, sem kvarði tvítögr sá er merktr er á kirkju-vegg á Þingvelli, Grág. i. 497; met, mæli-keröld ok stikur, Gþl. 522; hafa ranga stiku, Jb. 375: greiða vaðmál eigi skemra saman en stiku, Vm. 16; stiku-breiðr, yard-broad, Grág. i. 498; stiku-blígr, a nickname, Landn.: compds, kerti-stika, a candlestick; reglu-s., a ruler. ☞ The old stika seems to have answered to the Engl. yard; gaf þá þat ráð til Páll biskup, at menn skyldi hafa stikur, þær er væri tveggja álna at lengd, Bs. i. 135 (Páls S. ch. 9).
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